Comparing version 2 and version 1 back

h2. VServer Tips and Tricks

h3. Bootstrap debian (sarge)


root% vserver sarge build -m debootstrap -- -d sarge -m http://ftp.jp.debian.org/debian/

Will create *{vservers}/sarge* and will bootstrap debian sarge there.

h3. Bind a service to given IP (interface)


# description: Wrapper to start httpd bound to a single IP
IP=eth0
exec /usr/sbin/chbind --ip $IP /etc/init.d/httpd $*


h3. Commands observing ALL vservers


root% vps -ax
root% vpstree -ap
root% vtop
root% vuname -g --xid tol

All of these commands are simply wrappers which are actually doing:

root% chcontext --ctx 1 pstree $*

eg. _chcontext --ctx ps auxw_

h3. Execution of commands with wild-cards

The trick is to use a shell on the other side (in the vserver). The command is simply rewritten like this:


root% /usr/sbin/vserver server exec /bin/sh -c "command *"


h3. Kill all processes in given context

Get the context CTX with _vserver-stat_:


root% vserver-stat
CTX   PROC    VSZ    RSS  userTIME   sysTIME    UPTIME NAME
0       79 127.9M  10.5K   1h44m14  24m15s41  23h14m47 root server
1151     9 164.9M   6.5K   0m00s54   0m00s46  12m42s24 sarge


Then kill those processes:


# for example: vkill --xid 1151 -s TERM
root% vkill --xid  -s TERM
root% vkill --xid  -s KILL


h3. Update the ARP caches

When a virtual server is moved from one physical server to another, other network nodes will keep trying to contact the server on the old MAC address for the length of their arp-cache timeout.
To update the ARP caches of other network notes (and so make your new server reachable), send a gratuitous ARP request like this:


root% arping -c 10 -S virtual.server.IP -B


That command will broadcast your new MAC address 10 times to the local network. Hopefully they will get the idea and your vserver will be reachable.!!!


h3. Mount a dir from one vserver into another from the host


root% vnamespace -e  mount --rbind /directory/to/mount/somewhere /where/to/mount/it


Also you can edit _/etc/vservers//fstab_ (gentoo-specific binding follows):


none    /proc           proc    defaults                0 0
none    /tmp            tmpfs   size=16m,mode=1777      0 0
none    /dev/pts        devpts  gid=5,mode=620          0 0
# Portage related dirs
/usr/distfiles    /usr/distfiles auto    rbind   0 0
/usr/portage      /usr/portage   auto    rbind   0 0
/usr/shadow       /usr/shadow    auto    rbind   0 0
/usr/vpackages    /usr/packages  auto    rbind   0 0


h2. See also

* "Linux-VServer Wiki":http://linux-vserver.org/
* "Gentoo Linux-VServer Howto":http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/vserver-howto.xml
* "The content of the /etc/vservers directory":http://www.nongnu.org/util-vserver/doc/conf/configuration.html -- have some crazy page background (copy in locally and remove it)
* "The 'alpha branch' of util-vserver":http://linux-vserver.org/alpha+util-vserver -- have interesting hints about vunify, vshelper etc.